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Monotheism or Polytheism in Hinduism
The ancient Vedas contain statements that seem to confirm the monotheistic interpretation. Thus, verse of the Rig Veda states that “Truth is one, the wise call it by many names”, a verse that is generally interpreted as meaning that all the different forms of God known to Hinduism are merely different facets of the one Divine Being. This view is generally held by most spiritual teachers and spiritually educated people.
Atheism in Hinduism
Ishvara and Brahman
In contrast to the three Abrahamic Religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Hinduism understands religion to be more about experience rather than only belief.

The sheer overwhelming diversity of Hindu deities, spiritual practices, philosophies and doctrines is well known. However, it remains difficult to say whether Hinduism may be classified as a monotheistic or polytheistic religion.
Hindu Experience Versus Belief
At first glance, it seems to have both traits and even some atheistic tendencies, too. Eventually, it’s a question of perspective: If the many gods of Hinduism are seen as different beings, it’s Polytheism. If they are regarded as different aspects of the one divine Being, it’s Monotheism.
Read on
A Short Introduction to Hinduism
A Short History of Hinduism
Hindu Yoga, Spirituality, and Kundalini
Above all, the spiritual teachers and seers of India seem to have understood that there needs to be a variety of paths from which people can choose according to their individual temperaments and preferences. Thus, Hinduism has not only developed the classic Yogic paths such as Jnana, Bhakti, Karma and Raja Yoga, but also the paths of Tantra, Mantra Yoga, Hatha Yoga and many others.
In fact, Hinduism is able to distinguish between the concept of a personal God (Ishvara) and God as the non-personal or transpersonal Absolute (Brahman) – a concept not generally found in the monotheistic religions except in their mystical traditions, for example Meister Eckhart’s “Gott” and “Gottheit.”
For most Hindus
Different People Need Different Paths
Within the six orthodox schools of classical Indian philosophy, there are two that may even be called atheistic. These are the Samkhya and Mimamsa. Both these schools of thought don’t mention or believe in a creationist god.
Hinduism is a synthesis of various spiritual traditions, religious sects and assimilated tribal cults. It has thus become a fascinating mixture of both primitive, superstitious beliefs and the most enlightened, sophisticated philosophies.
Hinduism has many faces. The colorful portrayals of its many gods and deities is as much part of this ancient religion as the huge number of its most sublime spiritual scriptures like the Bhagavad-Gita, the Upanishads or the Yoga Sutras.
While Ishvara is regarded as “God with form”, expressing himself or herself in different aspects such as Shiva [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Vishnu [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Durga, Kali, Ganesha or Krishna, the Absolute (Brahman) is seen as the pure being-consciousness-bliss beyond all names and forms.
Ideas and Beliefs Common to All Hindus
In spite of this extraordinary variety [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], there are also certain ideas and beliefs shared by all Hindus. These are the belief in the existence of the cycle of birth and death (Samsara), the possibility of attaining liberation (Moksha), the immortality of the soul (Atma) as well as the law of action and reaction (Karma). All Hindus accept the Shruti (consisting of the four Vedas including the Upanishads) together with the Bhagavad-Gita as the highest spiritual truths.
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